The 1942 Walking Liberty Half Dollar is a coin that captivates collectors and history enthusiasts alike. Whether you've inherited one or stumbled upon it in an old coin jar, you may be holding a small fortune. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about this fascinating piece of American numismatic history.
The Historical Context of the 1942 Half Dollar
America at War
1942 was a pivotal year in American history. The United States had entered World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. As the nation mobilized for war, its coinage reflected the times:
- Silver was in high demand for industrial purposes
- The U.S. Mint continued to produce coins despite wartime restrictions
- The Walking Liberty design symbolized hope and freedom during turbulent times
The Walking Liberty Design
The Walking Liberty Half Dollar, designed by Adolph A. Weinman, had been in circulation since 1916. Its iconic features include:
- Obverse: Lady Liberty striding towards the sunrise, draped in the American flag
- Reverse: A majestic eagle perched on a mountain crag, wings raised
- Inscription: "IN GOD WE TRUST" on the obverse, emphasizing national unity
Physical Characteristics and Minting Details
Coin Specifications
- Diameter: 30.61 mm
- Weight: 12.50 grams
- Composition: 90% silver, 10% copper
- Silver content: 0.36169 troy ounces
- Edge: Reeded
Mintage Figures
| Mint Location | Mintage | Mint Mark |
|---|---|---|
| Philadelphia | 47,818,000 | None |
| Denver | 10,973,800 | D |
| San Francisco | 12,708,000 | S |
| Proof (Philadelphia) | 21,120 | None |
Factors Affecting the Value of Your 1942 Half Dollar
1. Mint Mark
The mint mark is crucial in determining value. Here's where to find it:
- Look on the reverse side
- Check the left side of the rock where the eagle is perched
- No mint mark indicates Philadelphia, "D" for Denver, "S" for San Francisco
2. Condition (Grade)
Coin grading is on a scale from Poor (P-1) to Perfect Mint State (MS-70). Key grades include:
- Good (G-4): Heavy wear, but major features visible
- Very Fine (VF-20): Light wear, most details clear
- Extremely Fine (XF-40): Minimal wear, all details sharp
- Mint State (MS-60 to MS-70): No wear, varying levels of luster and contact marks
3. Rarity and Demand
While 1942 half dollars are not particularly rare, certain conditions can increase value:
- High-grade examples (MS-65 and above)
- Proof coins
- Error coins (e.g., double die varieties)
4. Silver Content
As of 2023, with silver prices around $25 per ounce, the melt value of a 1942 half dollar is approximately $9. However, numismatic value often exceeds melt value.
Current Market Values
Values can fluctuate based on market conditions. As of 2023, here are approximate values:
1942 (Philadelphia)
- Good (G-4): $16
- Very Fine (VF-20): $20
- Extremely Fine (XF-40): $30
- MS-63: $110
- MS-65: $165
- MS-67: $4,000
1942-D (Denver)
- Good (G-4): $16
- Very Fine (VF-20): $20
- Extremely Fine (XF-40): $30
- MS-63: $120
- MS-65: $190
- MS-67: $6,500
1942-S (San Francisco)
- Good (G-4): $16
- Very Fine (VF-20): $20
- Extremely Fine (XF-40): $30
- MS-63: $150
- MS-65: $335
- MS-67: $7,500
1942 Proof (Philadelphia)
- PR-63: $275
- PR-65: $625
- PR-67: $1,400
- PR-69: $60,000
Rare Varieties and Errors
Collectors prize rare varieties and errors. Some to look for in the 1942 series include:
-
1942 Double Die Obverse (FS-101)
- Doubling visible on Liberty's chin and lips
- MS-65 value: Approximately $150
-
1942 Double Die Reverse (FS-801)
- Doubling in "DOLLAR" and other reverse elements
- MS-65 value: Up to $500
-
1942/1-D Overdate
- Extremely rare, with only a few known examples
- Value can exceed $50,000 in high grades
Expert Tips for Evaluating Your 1942 Half Dollar
- Use a magnifying glass to examine mint marks and potential errors
- Compare your coin to high-resolution images of graded examples
- Consider weight and diameter to ensure authenticity
- Look for signs of cleaning or damage, which can significantly reduce value
- When in doubt, seek professional grading from PCGS or NGC
Preserving Your Coin's Value
Proper preservation is crucial:
- Handle coins by the edges to avoid damaging surfaces
- Store in non-PVC holders or albums
- Keep coins in a cool, dry environment
- Never clean your coins – this can drastically reduce their value
The Investment Potential of 1942 Half Dollars
While not typically considered rare, 1942 half dollars have shown steady appreciation:
- Silver content provides a base value
- Historical significance appeals to collectors
- High-grade examples have seen significant price increases
For example, an MS-67 1942-S half dollar sold for $18,800 in a 2019 auction, showing the potential for exceptional specimens.
Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of the 1942 Half Dollar
The 1942 Walking Liberty Half Dollar is more than just currency; it's a tangible piece of American history. Minted during one of the most challenging periods in U.S. history, these coins represent resilience, artistry, and the enduring spirit of a nation at war.
Whether you're a seasoned collector or a curious newcomer, the 1942 half dollar offers a fascinating glimpse into numismatics and American culture. Its value goes beyond mere dollars and cents, embodying the artistic vision of Adolph Weinman and the craftsmanship of U.S. Mint workers during a pivotal time.
As you examine your 1942 half dollar, remember that you're holding a small but significant part of the American story. Whether you choose to keep it as a family heirloom, add it to a growing collection, or explore its market value, you now have the knowledge to appreciate its true worth.
In the world of coin collecting, education is key. Continue to research, connect with other collectors, and perhaps most importantly, enjoy the journey of discovery that each coin represents. Your 1942 half dollar is not just a coin – it's a portal to the past and potentially a wise investment for the future.
