In the world of numismatics, every coin tells a story. The 1979 quarter, while seemingly ordinary at first glance, holds secrets that can excite both novice collectors and seasoned experts alike. This comprehensive guide will delve into the fascinating world of 1979 quarters, exploring their history, varieties, and potential hidden treasures.
The Historical Context of the 1979 Quarter
Design and Specifications
The 1979 quarter continued the long-standing tradition of featuring George Washington on the obverse (front) side. This iconic design, created by sculptor John Flanagan, had been gracing U.S. quarters since 1932. The reverse showcased an eagle with spread wings, a symbol of American strength and freedom that would remain until the introduction of the 50 State Quarters program in 1999.
Key specifications of the 1979 quarter include:
- Obverse Design: Portrait of George Washington facing left
- Reverse Design: Eagle with spread wings
- Composition: Copper-nickel clad (91.67% copper, 8.33% nickel)
- Weight: 5.67 grams
- Diameter: 24.3 mm
- Edge: Reeded
Mintage and Production
In 1979, three U.S. Mint facilities produced quarters:
- Philadelphia (no mint mark): 515,708,000
- Denver (D mint mark): 489,789,780
- San Francisco (S mint mark): 3,677,175 (proof coins only)
These production numbers provide context for the relative rarity of different varieties and conditions.
Varieties and Their Market Values
1979 (P) No Mint Mark Quarter
The Philadelphia Mint's production of over 515 million quarters makes this the most common variety. However, high-grade specimens can still command impressive prices:
| Grade | Estimated Value |
|---|---|
| MS 60 | $1 – $2 |
| MS 63 | $2 – $5 |
| MS 65 | $15 – $20 |
| MS 67 | $50 – $75 |
| MS 68 | $5,000 – $10,000 |
Note: An NGC-graded MS 68 sold for $1,440 in August 2022, highlighting the potential value in top conditions.
1979-D Quarter
Denver's mintage of nearly 490 million quarters results in similar values to Philadelphia coins in most grades:
| Grade | Estimated Value |
|---|---|
| MS 60 | $1 – $2 |
| MS 63 | $10 – $15 |
| MS 65 | $20 – $25 |
| MS 67 | $75 – $100 |
| MS 68 | $5,000 – $7,500 |
1979-S Proof Quarters
San Francisco produced two types of proof quarters in 1979:
-
Type 1 (Filled S):
- PR 65: $2 – $3
- PR 68: $5 – $7
- PR 70 DCAM: $30 – $35
-
Type 2 (Clear S):
- PR 65: $3 – $4
- PR 68: $10 – $12
- PR 70 DCAM: $60 – $75
The Type 2 "Clear S" variety is slightly scarcer and thus commands higher prices in top grades.
Grading 1979 Quarters: A Detailed Look
Grading is crucial in determining a coin's value. Here's an expanded guide to grading 1979 quarters:
- MS 60-62: Uncirculated, but may have numerous marks, weak strikes, or poor luster
- MS 63-64: Better strike, fewer marks, some luster, but still not fully appealing
- MS 65-66: Strong strike, few marks, good luster, overall pleasing appearance
- MS 67: Exceptional quality with only minor imperfections
- MS 68: Nearly perfect, with strong strike, full luster, and minimal marks
- MS 69-70: Virtually perfect to perfect coins (extremely rare for 1979 quarters)
For proof coins:
- PR 60-64: Imperfect proofs with noticeable flaws
- PR 65-67: Above-average proofs with minor imperfections
- PR 68-69: Near-perfect proofs with very slight imperfections
- PR 70: Perfect proof with no discernible flaws under 5x magnification
Rare Errors and Varieties: The True Hidden Treasures
Error coins can be incredibly valuable. Here are some notable 1979 quarter errors with recent auction results:
- Double Curved Clips: An MS 65 example sold for $250 as part of a pair.
- Off-Center Strike on Clipped Planchet: An MS 64 coin with 20% off-center strike and 37% clipped planchet sold for $190.
- Double Struck: A coin struck twice, with the second strike 65% off-center, sold for $165.
- Missing Clad Layer: An MS 64 quarter missing its clad layer on the obverse sold for $80.
- Wrong Planchet Error: A quarter struck on a nickel planchet, graded MS 65, sold for $215.
Other potential errors to look for include:
- Broad-struck coins
- Die cracks or cuds
- Repunched mint marks (on D and S coins)
- Doubled die errors (obverse or reverse)
Advanced Collecting Strategies
Toning and Eye Appeal
While not typically a major factor for modern clad coins, some 1979 quarters can develop attractive toning over time. Coins with exceptional, natural toning can command premiums, especially in high grades.
Full Steps Designation
For 1979-D quarters, the "Full Steps" designation can add significant value. This refers to the complete visibility of the steps on Monticello on the reverse. PCGS recognizes Full Steps (FS) for 5 or 6 visible steps, while NGC uses the term Full Band (FB) for similar qualities.
Conditional Rarity
While 1979 quarters are common in lower grades, they become increasingly scarce in gem (MS 65+) and superb gem (MS 67+) conditions. Focusing on high-grade examples can be a rewarding collecting strategy.
Tips for Collectors and Investors
- Examine Your Change: Circulated 1979 quarters can still yield valuable finds.
- Use Proper Lighting: Good lighting is crucial for spotting subtle details and potential errors.
- Invest in Quality Tools: A good magnifying glass or loupe is essential for detailed examination.
- Learn About Die Characteristics: Familiarize yourself with the normal die characteristics to better identify true errors.
- Consider Set Building: A complete set of 1979 quarters in high grades can be a challenging but rewarding project.
- Stay Informed: Keep up with market trends through price guides and auction results.
- Network with Other Collectors: Join numismatic organizations or online forums to share knowledge and experiences.
Where to Buy and Sell 1979 Quarters
- Online Marketplaces: eBay, Heritage Auctions, and Great Collections offer a wide selection.
- Coin Shops: Local dealers can provide personalized service and expertise.
- Coin Shows: Excellent venues for finding rare varieties and networking.
- Online Forums: Communities like CoinTalk can provide valuable insights and trading opportunities.
- Auction Houses: For high-end specimens, major auction houses like Stack's Bowers or Heritage Auctions are ideal.
The Future of 1979 Quarter Collecting
As we approach the 50th anniversary of the 1979 quarter's minting, interest in these coins may see an uptick. Collectors should be prepared for potential market shifts:
- Increased demand for high-grade examples
- Growing interest in major error coins from this year
- Possible premium for original, untouched rolls or bags
Conclusion: The Enduring Appeal of 1979 Quarters
The 1979 quarter, while not the rarest of U.S. coins, offers a fascinating window into numismatic history and collecting. From pristine uncirculated examples to intriguing error coins, these pieces of Americana continue to captivate collectors nearly half a century after they were minted.
Whether you're a seasoned numismatist or a curious beginner, the world of 1979 quarters has something to offer. The thrill of the hunt, the satisfaction of completing a set, or the excitement of discovering a rare error – all these experiences await the dedicated collector.
As you embark on your 1979 quarter collecting journey, remember that knowledge is your most valuable tool. Stay curious, keep learning, and who knows? That seemingly ordinary quarter in your pocket might just be a numismatic treasure waiting to be discovered.
